I-Opiates (OPI) Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo (umchamo)

I-Opiate ibhekisela kunoma yisiphi isidakamizwa esisuselwa ku-opium poppy, kufaka phakathi imikhiqizo yemvelo, i-morphine ne-codeine, kanye ne-semi - izidakamizwa zokwenziwa njenge-heroin. I-Opioid ijwayelekile, ibhekisa kunoma yisiphi isidakamizwa esisebenza ku-opioid receptor.

I-OPIOID ANEWAPSICS ihlanganisa iqembu elikhulu lezinto, elilawula izinhlungu ngokucindezela uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi. Imithamo emikhulu ye-morphine ingakhiqiza amazinga aphezulu okubekezelela kanye nokuncika komzimba kubasebenzisi, futhi kungaholela ekusetshenzisweni kwezidakamizwa. I-Morphine ikhishwe i-UNDERETOLIDIED, futhi futhi ingumkhiqizo omkhulu we-metabolic we-codeine ne-heroin. IMorphine iyatholakala emchameni wezinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva komthamo we-opiate.

UkuzamaIndlela yokwenza izinto

Letha izivivinyo, ama-specimentens, ama-buffer kanye / noma izilawuli zokushisa kwegumbi (15 30 ° C) ngaphambi kokusebenzisa.

1. 1. Susa isivivinyo esikhwameni sayo esivalekile, noma ususe umucu owodwa kusuka ku-canister, futhi uyisebenzise ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngemiphumela emihle kakhulu, i-assay kufanele yenziwe kungakapheli ihora elilodwa. AmaCanaries kumele avalwe ngokuqinile ngemuva kokususa imichilo.
2. 2. Bamba umucu ekugcineni, lapho igama lomkhiqizo liphrintiwe. Ukugwema ukungcoliswa, ungathinti ulwelwesi lwe-strip.
3. 3. Ukubamba umucu ngokuqondile, cwilisa umucu wokuhlola esibonelweni somchamo okungenani 10 imizuzwana. Musa ukucwilisa udlule umugqa omkhulu (max) omucu wokuhlola.
4. I-4. Ngemuva kokuthi isivivinyo sesiqedile ukusebenza, susa umucu kusuka ku-specimen bese ubeka ku-nonbusot flat flat. Qala isibali sikhathi bese ulinda amabhendi anemibala ukuze avele. Umphumela kufanele ufundwe ngemizuzu engu-5. Ungahumushi umphumela ngemuva kwemizuzu eyi-8.

5. Ukuhunyushwa kwemiphumela

    

   Okuhle: Kuvele ibhendi elilodwa elinemibala, esifundeni sokulawula (c). Alikho ibhande elinombala elibonakalayo elivela esifundeni sokuhlola (T).

     

   Okungalungile:Amabhendi amabili anemibala avela ku-membrane.Ibhendi eyodwa ivela esifundeni sokulawula (c) kanti elinye ibhendi livela esifundeni sokuhlola (T).

    

   Okungavumelekile: I-Control band yehluleka ukuvela.Imiphumela kusuka kunoma yikuphi ukuvivinya okungakhiqizi ibhendi yokulawula ngesikhathi esichaziwe sokufundwa kumele kulahlwe. Sicela ubuyekeze inqubo bese uphinda ngovivinyo olusha. Uma inkinga iqhubeka, yeka ukusebenzisa ikhithi ngokushesha bese uthinta umsabalalisi wakho wangakini.

   Qaphela:

   1. Ukuqina kombala esifundeni sokuhlola (t) kungahluka ngokuya ngokuhlaziywa kokuhlaziywa okukhona ku-specimen. Ngakho-ke, noma yimuphi umthunzi wombala esifundeni sokuhlola kufanele uthathwe njengento efanele. Qaphela ukuthi lokhu kungukuhlola okufanelekile kuphela, futhi akunakunquma ukugcwala kokuhlaziywa kwezinhlamvu.
   2. IVolumu Enganele Enganele, inqubo engalungile yokusebenza noma izivivinyo eziphelelwe yisikhathi yizizathu kakhulu zokuhluleka kwe-band band.

   3. Ukulinganiselwa kokuhlolwa

      1. 1. I-Optiates (OPI) Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo (umchamo) kungochwepheshe ekusetshenzisweni kokuxilongwa kwe-vitro, futhi kufanele kusetshenziselwe kuphela ukutholwa kwe-morphine / heroin.
      2. 2. Lokhu kudinga kunikeza umphumela wokuhlaziya wokuhlaziya okuqala kuphela. Indlela ethile yamakhemikhali ethile kufanele isetshenziswe ukuze ithole umphumela wokuhlaziya oqinisekisiwe. I-GEG CHROmatography / Mass Spectrometry (GC / MS) isungulwe njengendlela ekhethwayo eyintandokazi yiNational Institute nge-Drug MatseClether (Nida). Ukucatshangelwa kwemitholampilo kanye nokwahlulelwa okungochwepheshe kufanele kusetshenziswe kunoma yimuphi umphumela wokuhlola, ikakhulukazi lapho kuboniswa imiphumela emihle yokuqala.
      3. 3. Kukhona okungenzeka ukuthi amaphutha obuchwepheshe noma enqubo kanye nezinye izinto nezinto ezingaphazamisa isivivinyo futhi zibangele imiphumela yamanga.
      4. I-4. Iziphingi, ezinjenge-bleach kanye / noma i-alum, ezinhlotsheni zomchamo zingakhiqiza imiphumela eyiphutha noma ngabe iyiphi indlela yokuhlaziya esetshenzisiwe. Ngakho-ke, sicela uvimbele amathuba okuphindisela umchamo ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
      5. I-5. Umphumela omuhle ukhombisa ukuba khona kwe-morphine / heroin kuphela, futhi akukhombisi noma ukukala ukudakwa.
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      7. 7. Lokhu kuhlolwa akuhlukanisi phakathi kwe-morphine / heroin kanye nemithi ethile.
      8. 8. Imiphumela yokuhlola ingasetshenziswa ukuhlinzeka ubufakazi kanye nesisekelo sokwelashwa kanye nokwelashwa kwezinhlelo zokuncika kwezidakamizwa kanye ne-psychosic enobuthi. Okomsebenzi welebhu ekusebenzeni kokuxilongwa kwe-vitro kuphela.
      9. 9. Ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngochwepheshe bezempilo esimweni sezempilo / esibhedlela ukusiza ekuhlolweni kwezidakamizwa zokuhlukunyezwa ukuthola ukuthi kulandelwe okulandelayo -
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